The pH of double-distilled water (ddH₂O) is theoretically around 7.0 — perfectly neutral — because pure water at 25°C autoionizes slightly into H₃O⁺ and OH⁻ ions. But in practice, ddH₂O […]
Miscellaneous - 2. page
How to Improve 2A Linker Cleavage Efficiency
Here are some strategies to increase 2A linker cleavage efficiency for monoclonal antibody production:
How to avoid cross-contamination in qPCR
To avoid cross-contamination in qPCR, key practices include: separating pre- and post-amplification areas with dedicated equipment, using a unidirectional workflow, including a “no template control” in each run, properly cleaning work […]
Reduce the risk of cross-contamination from the amplicon/template and previous reactions for a qPCR
Use a unidirectional workflow during experiment setup. Separating pre- and post-amplification areas is key to preventing contamination. Prepare your PCR master mix in a template-free room (see next bullet) using reagents that never […]
Difference between dye-based vs probe-based qPCR
Dye-based qPCR is less expensive than probe-based qPCR, but probe-based qPCR is more specific and accurate. The choice between the two depends on the research goals and the type of […]
OmpA Signal for Protein Expression
The OmpA signal peptide is a 21-amino acid sequence that targets fused proteins to the Sec secretion pathway in E. coli. It can be used to increase protein yield and simplify purification […]
High-cell-density cultivation (HCDC)
High-cell-density cultivation (HCDC) is a process that improves the formation of microbial biomass and products. It can be used for microorganisms such as bacteria, archaea, and yeasts. HCDC can make the fermentation process […]
How to protect RNA from degradation?
To protect RNA from degradation, you can: RNA is prone to enzymatic degradation and hydrolysis. Even at low temperatures, RNA can still be reactive, and some ribozymes can be enhanced by […]
What is the main reason for RNA being unstable?
Unlike DNA, RNA is usually single-stranded. Additionally, RNA contains ribose sugars rather than deoxyribose sugars, which makes RNA more unstable and more prone to degradation. RNA is generally stable at –80° […]
Potential Reasons for Lack of Supercoiled DNA
Conclusion In conclusion, the absence of apparent supercoiling in plasmid DNA preparations can result from a variety of factors related to DNA extraction, purification, handling, and analysis. By systematically addressing […]